Essay on The Dualism of Joe Christmas - 1715 Words

William Faulkner’s protagonist, Joe Christmas’ trajectory and immoral decisions become the Siren’s song that tip him over the stern of the boat that is his life. Christmas’ path takes turns and twists that create a taciturn man who has been brought into the world unwanted; then, he ruthlessly moves forward looking back at his past in order to make decisions for his future. Light In August parallels Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, when Joe finds that he has reached a fork in the road and has to plan for kind of life he wants to lead, contradicting factors jumble his persona. This creates a dualism in Joe’s soul, wherein two sides of a man challenge him to try to make decisions for survival. Faulkner’s novel sets up intriguing†¦show more content†¦Milly maintained that she would be able to free herself and her child from her father, yet her sons story begins with his struggle even with his first breath. When Joe was born he was pure; a light from the heavens, but the transposition of his persona becomes apparent as his life is abridged by the decisions he makes. Joe hung a chair, his murder weapon, over his head. At that moment he lost all innocence, The course destiny chooses is in a sense superfluous, for we are not dealing with the kind of fatality which manifests itself in a dramatic progression of events, from which we cannot add or subtract a single one without changing its entire passage, for to do so would be like saying that someone has not fulfilled his destiny.† Pouillon tells of the belief that a man finds himself on a path and makes a decision not in order to achieve his destiny or in a pre determined path, but instead Joe bases his choices when they appear in front of him. He kills McEachern and after has to think about his next move. Running away with bobby was no longer an option after she rejected his marriage proposal. He moves towards the road much like in Frostâ⠂¬â„¢s poem: â€Å"Then took the other, as just as fair, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Because it was grassy and wanted wear, Though as for that the passing there†¨ Had worn them really about the same,† (Frost 6-10) Joe Christmas begins to run, and running becomes his life, But

Comparing The River Valley Civilizations - 1509 Words

Comparing and Contrasting River Valley Civilizations In the following treatise, the research that will be presented will provide criteria involving similarities and differences in three attributes of life in the four primary river valley civilizations. The river valley civilizations are composed of Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China. While each of these civilizations is unique in their habits and traditions, they share many similar qualities. For this work to be as comprehensive as possible, the primary focus will be on comparing and analyzing the cultures and ambiance, or environments, political organization and religious beliefs, and social structures of each society. The following categories are going to be analyzed by utilizing the frameworks of the four river valley civilizations. Without further ado, a juxtaposition of the ancient river valley civilizations. The first topic of comparison is the prospect of culture and environment in each society. Due to cultural di ffusion amongst the civilizations, except geographically isolated China, among other factors, it can be deduced that the civilizations had many similar practices. However, each society boasted distinctive qualities. Early Mesopotamia, known by the moniker of â€Å"the land between the rivers,† was a fertile plain settled near the Tigris and Euphrates rivers located in the Fertile Crescent. All of the river valley civilizations settled near a river. Egypt settled near the Nile; the Indus ValleyShow MoreRelatedComparing The Nile, Mesopotamia, And Indus Civilizations1475 Words   |  6 PagesComparing the Nile, Mesopotamia, and Indus Civilizations The civilizations of the Nile River valley, the Mesopotamia valley, and Indus Valley marked human progress toward fixed settlements and the development of a rich culture. These civilizations shared many characteristics that contributed to their success. What made these civilizations unique were the contributions that each one gave to the world. They contributed their own ideas and accomplishments in the areas of religion, science, and mathematicsRead MoreCivilization: Which Aspects Define1491 Words   |  6 PagesAlex Hummel World Civilization 1 Midterm Paper Civilization is a word that cannot be used too loosely. How then, is civilization defined? It is difficult to define in one word or phrase because a complex society or â€Å"civilization† depends on many different aspects. There are characteristics of a civilization that are more essential than others, some of which may be more important to one group than to another. However, a definition for civilization can be narrowed down to a few fundamentalRead MoreIndus River Vally and Chinese Dynasty838 Words   |  4 Pagesjust the way it works. In ancient civilizations they too had their own culture. In comparing and contrasting the Ancient Civilations of the Indus River Valley and the Chinese Dynasties the differences their cultures contain are clear including their Religious views, the way they express themselves artistically and most importantly how they communicated socially. Some of the religious differences that the Indus and Chinese were for example were who these civilizations believed in. The Indus worshippedRead MoreChallenges of Development in Sumer and Egypt Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesAn analysis of the two civilizations, Sumer and Egypt reveals one challenge facing human social development: geography and environmental features tend to shape the patterns of civilizations. Although the civilization of Sumer was prosperous and powerful, its geographical features ultimately weakened Sumer, exposing its vulnerability to invasion by neighboring civilizations. Egypt was similar to Mesopotamian civilizations in many ways, but Egypt’s distinct differences led to a distinguished socialRead MoreMesopotamia and Egypt Comparative Essay876 Words   |  4 PagesMesopotamia and Egypt Comparative Essay While both the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations share similar political, social and economic qualities, the details of these broad spectrums branch off in opposite directions. For example, both Mesopotamia and Egypt were ruled by kings, but in Egypt, their kings were called pharaohs and they had significantly more power than the Mesopotamian kings of the city-states. Both civilizations also had social classes in which a person fit into, but in Mesopotamia, manyRead MoreComparing Religious And Political Authority Of Early Civilizations1352 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Religious and Political Authority of Early Civilizations Civilization can be defined along lines of a sophisticated state of human society, whereby a high level of culture and science, as well as industry and government has been attained. This paper compares civilization in the line of authority, both in religious and political spheres among the three groups; Mesopotamia, Nile in Egypt and Indus Valley (Mahenjodaro and Harrapa) in India. Mesopotamia Political organization The name MesopotamiaRead MoreAll the Basics There Are to Know about Rivers Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesRivers constitute a major natural phenomena found on the surface of the earth. They have unique patterns and systems that perfectly fit in the geographical grid. One can establish the facts behind the formation of rivers and the important part they play in the ecosystem by carefully studying their features. However, the topic needs more research to know the reasons behind the uniqueness portrayed by each river. As the river flows, it cuts rocks which it carries them down its course and grinds themRead MoreRiver Dynasties in China3135 Words   |  13 PagesPage 1 of 6 4 River Dynasties in China MAIN IDEA POWER AND AUTHORITY The early rulers introduced ideas about government and society that shaped Chinese civilization. WHY IT MATTERS NOW The culture that took root during ancient times still affects Chinese ways of life today. TERMS NAMES †¢ loess †¢ oracle bone †¢ Mandate of Heaven †¢ dynastic cycle †¢ feudalism SETTING THE STAGE The walls of China’s first cities were built 4,000 years ago. This was at least a thousand years afterRead MoreExploring the Symbolism and Historical Allusions in Langston Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers1311 Words   |  5 PagesDear Professor X, In exploring the symbolism and historical allusions in Langston Hughess The Negro Speaks of Rivers, I hoped to trace the different elements that influenced Hughes and how he viewed himself within the world and society. In the process of examining the poem and beginning to create a structure, I had to not only look at the superficial meaning of what Hughes was saying, but also look for alternative meanings of what he said. Additionally, I had to tie in my knowledge of historyRead MoreCulture : The Light Of A Society1097 Words   |  5 Pageschildren, especially boys. Egypt has dominated our story of civilization so far, and significant developments were taken place during this era. Like Egypt, Mesopotamia has also dominated our story of civilization. It is one of the oldest civilizations that ever existed. Mesopotamia was located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The region was enlarged and enriched over the years by the layers of silt deposited by the rivers. These two rivers had really affected the base of their commerce, in terms

Test of English as a Foreign Language Free Essays

English, the third most common language spoken after Mandarin and Spanish, is spoken by around 370 to 390 million people in around 50 different countries. Many renowned universities, require their students, in the undergraduate, graduate and post graduate programs to first prove their proficiency in the English language, as an entrance criteria. This created a need for a standard test, accepted and recognized by these universities, to be created. We will write a custom essay sample on Test of English as a Foreign Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now Test of English as a Foreign Language or TOEFL as it is commonly referred to as, is such a test. This test is developed and conducted by the Educational Testing Service. TOEFL can be administered via the internet(TOEFL iBT) or can be written as a paper based test(TOEFL PBT). Written Tests are only administered in places where Internet Based Testing Centers for TOEFL are unavailable. This test score along with the applicant’s other academical information becomes the foundation for their admission process. The test score scale ranges from 0 to 120, for TOEFL iBT, and from 310 to 677 for TOEFL PBT. The minimum test score acceptable, varies from university to university, depending on factors like courses undertaken or whether the applicant is an undergrad, grad or post grad. TOEFL iBT TOEFL iBT tests the four basic skills needed for effective communication namely- Reading, Speaking, Listening and Writing. They test the takers to read, listen, and then speak in response to a question listen and then speak in response to a question read, listen, and then write in response to a question The test is 4 hours long and it is essential that all the four sections of the test be taken on the same day itself. Test Format SECTION FORMAT TIME READING 3-5 passages(700words), 12-14 question each 60-100 minutes LISTENING 2–3 conversations, 5 questions each 4–6 lectures, 6 questions each 60-90 minutes 10 MINUTES BREAK SPEAKING 6 tasks which include 2 independent and 4 integrated 20 minutes WRITING 2 tasks which include 1 integrated task and 1 independent task 50minutes(20 for integrated and 30 for independent) The time displayed above is not an actual representation, and may vary on the number of questions. Reading Section The reading sections tests the applicant’s ability to, comprehend, learn and to find information from university level academic passages and texts. The questions asked in the reading section are of the following format Multiple choice questions- asking the applicant to select a single answer from a given set of options Multiple choice questions asking the applicant to select an option to â€Å"insert a sentence† where it fits best in a passage Questions with more than four choices and more than one possible correct answer. Listening Section This section tests the applicants ability to understand Spoken English, by testing his/her ability to understand lectures and conversations. The applicant is allowed to take notes while listening to the material provided. These notes will be collected at the end of the test and destroyed. Questions asked in the Listening section, are usually asked in the following formats Multiple choice questions with a single correct answer Multiple choice questions with more than one correct answer Questions that require the user to order events Questions that require the applicant to match objects or text to categories in a chart Some questions replay a portion of the audio material provided, so that the applicant need not memorize the material before answering the question. Speaking Section Here the applicant is tested for his ability to communicate, participate in casual conversations, respond to questions etc. This section includes six tasks that that the applicant must undertake before proceeding further. The first two task are independent speaking tasks, where the user is asked to express their opinion or idea on topics provided, or on topics that the applicant is comfortable with. The next four tasks are integrated tasks where the applicant must use more than one of their skills before responding. These skills may include reading, listening and speaking. The user is only allowed to spend 20 minutes in this section. Writing Section This section tests the applicants ability to present their ideas in a clear and well organized manner. Here students are required to undertake two tasks, one integrated and one independent. Independent tasks include writing essays, articles, expressing opinions etc. The student’s range of grammar, vocabulary, spelling, punctuations and layout are tested under Independent tasks. Under Integrated tasks students are required to summarize, paraphrase, and cite accurate information from the source material. The total time sanctioned for both these tasks is 50 minutes. TOEFL scores are valid for 2 years. These scores are visible,10 days after the exam on the TOEFL registration website. Printed Scores are mailed after 13 days. More than 10,000 universities in around 130 countries accept TOEFL scores for their admission process. So when you plan on an education abroad, Think TOEFL. How to cite Test of English as a Foreign Language, Papers

art critque Essay Example For Students

art critque Essay Paul Delvaux (1897-1994)Venus Asleep1. What Does the art work look like? describe it. This piece of art work in my opinion looks like a dream. The art work has a certain disoriented charm. It has mainly all dark colors and uses these dark colors to contrast with the light skin pigment of the people in the painting. The painting has a calm erotic nude lady sleeping on a very formal looking couch or day bed. If the picture is read as this ladies dream then it appears as if she were dreaming of death or something of a cult like manner. If it is indeed death she is dreaming of then she is symbolizing that death is very calm and relaxed, for her leg has gone limp as if she is very relaxed as death (the skeleton) is hovering over the foot end of her bed. In the background there are also people flying up in the sky and these people could symbolize the dead rising to a heaven or a god, or even angels attempting to help the dying on there way to a heaven or a god. It also seams as if the people in this dream are in a place of worship and they are all looking up to the skies an d praying. The structures around them are very temple like, for they have many statues and engravings about them. There is one lady in close and she is not praying and looks very formal. This lady is looking right at the skeleton which symbolizes death. This lady could symbolize a priest that is conversationalizing with her god or death itself, or this lady could also symbolize a non-believer that only examines the cult or religion and passes judgment. Another major aspect of this painting is that it is all set at night, which only makes the viewer believe more that the painting is set in a dream state because most dreams occur at night when we are asleep. 2. What subject matter does the artist work with? How is the subject matter represented: realistically, abstractly. Paul Delvaux uses a lot of different subject matters and here is a list of them: mythology, dreams, religion, bourgeois men, death, skeletons, large landscapes with ruins or city views and naked woman who wander expressionlessly. But in this painting he used a dream like atmosphere and a Greek cult like landscape to portray his message. Initially his first works, painted in the early 1920s, mostly consisted of pretty post-impressionist landscapes, but later more into the late 20s (around 1926-1927), Paul Delvaux evolved towards a more simplified style of Expressionism and Symbolism as these styles were seeping into his works. In his own words Paul Delvaux explains I wanted to find something else, but I did not know exactly what that could be.. After this metamorphosis Paul Delvaux converted to Expressionism. From 1935 and onward Paul Delvaux mainly focused on surrealistic works of art. This painting is represented in a surrealistic manner. His choice of subject-matter and his persona l style attest to his own personality. 3. What kind of technique is used to produce the work? Include the type(s) of media that are used. Paul Delvaux uses many techniques, but for this painting Venus Asleep Paul Delvaux used very sharp edge images with a lot of dark shadows. He did this painting with oil on a (173 x 200cm) canvas. He conveys his work using political media from his time period and rearranging it to show his feelings of a subject or the reality of a situation. Sometimes he uses unrelated media that he links together to make a point in his own way. 4. Where was the work produced? (GeoGraphic location)Paul Delvaux is known as a Belgian artist. Paul Delvaux initially studied architecture, but later studied painting at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Brussels. Around 1934 Paul Delvaux withdrew from society, spending a month in the tiny southern Belgian village of Spy filling his many sketch books with lingering fantasies in his mind and childhood memories. From 1951 onwards Paul Delvaux most often worked in Sint-Idesbald (Koksijde). Except in 1952 Paul Delvaux designed murals for the casino of the Kursaal in Ostend and he also did work in a few other places as well. The painting (Venus Asleep) was created in Brussels in 1944. 5. When was the work done? (Dates of the artists life, working life, name of the art period in which the work was done, dates of that period.)Paul Delvaux was born on the 21st of March 1897 and he died on the 27th of July, in the year of 1994. His childhood and adolescent years were important sources of inspiration for his work, even though he wasnt to serious about his art at this time. The works Paul Delvaux painted in the early 1920s, mostly consisted of pretty post-impressionist landscapes. Paul Delvaux evolved from a impressionist artist to a Expressionism and Symbolism artist around about 1926-1927. The church took offense at Paul Delvauxs paintings and had them removed from the Biennale in Venice in 1954. In 1962 a Delvaux exhibition was held in Ostend at the Museum of Fine Arts. In 1979 when he was still alive the Paul Delvaux Foundation was founded. The painting I have included with my essay (Venus Asleep) was done in Brussels on 1944 during German flying bomb attacks on the city. This period in art history is referred to as modern art. To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of this Belgian artist Paul Delvaux, The Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium hosted the first major retrospective exhibition of Paul Delvauxs work ever to be held in Belgium. It was held on the 27th of October 1997. John Marshall Essay14. What was the social economic position of an artist during the time period being researched?Paul Delvaux wasnt very high up on the social ladder in his time period, but nor were any other artists that practiced the same form of art as Paul Delvaux. These artists were considered bad by the church and were often banned from the churches. Society as a whole also frowned upon these artists, because the y for the most part followed the church. Therefore as that not many people understood these artists or tried to understand them, so not vary many people would buy there works. These artists were often money deprived for this reason and would paint murals and portraits on the corners of downtown streets. 15. What kind of life did the particular artist you are studying live?Paul Delvaux led a life of much change and exploration of his own mind. He would often take trips to free his mind and to make art of the memories and fantasies of his childhood and personal life. After going through art academies he tried to develop his own style, which he did. He spent a lot of his life observing and recording in his own way what he sees. 16. Was the artist personally involved in any specific political or social movement?Paul Delvaux wasnt personally involved in political or social events, but he was always indirectly involved in them by portraying there images. 17.Did the artist see his her involvement in art in any particular way? All art has some intent. The intent in Paul Delvauxs work is that he wanted to show people his way of viewing the world and to put across his feelings about the emotions he felt about the occurring events in his life. 18.What was the artist trying to show through the art which he she created? a. deal only with abstract, element or compositional aspects of artIn the painting Venus Asleep Paul Delvaux was trying to show a dreamlike composition with an abstract approach towards death. By using a relaxed woman and a skeleton hovering over her, which could symbolize death coming in her sleep. Using these images Paul Delvaux could be conveying the thought of German bombers attacking while the citizens are calm and relaxed, not expecting the bombers, or he could be symbolizing that the enemy is trying to be a friend to the woman while deep inside the enemy want whats not best for the woman. b. reflect the times which the artist lived?As I explained in Question a this painting was created when the Germans were bombing the Belgium city. So Paul Delvaux was probably pretty emotional at the time of the paintings creation and these emotions are showing through in this painting. c. reflect his personal view of the world?Well, I cant really say what Paul Delvauxs personal view is with out asking him myself, but judging by his artwork Id say his personal view of the world comes out in his paintings because he most always uses dark pastel colors in his paintings for the landscapes and backgrounds, which contrast greatly with the bright skin color of the people in his paintings. I think this choice of colors symbolizes how dark the world really is when people are on it to contrast with it and exploit it. d. reflect some emotional aspect of him herself or others? This painting Venus Asleep has many emotional parts that go deep within this painting and expose the true quality of the images of war and unfair death. Evaluation. 19. What do you see in the art work produced during this period or by this artist? What message comes across? (the message need not be sentimental or political it may be only visual.)In the works and mostly the painting Venus Asleep by this artist I see a deep message of pain and uncertainty that came from a war combined with an already restless soul that needs attention not violence. The people in the background to me symbolize the unhappiness of many people and the dark structures symbolize a highly growing technology of old theorys and questions. To me this painting shows me the end of the beginning of a pain that Paul Delvaux once suffered. 20. Is the art work of the time or of the artist successful? Does it do what it is set out to do? Does it convey the message that it intended?I feel that this piece of art from its time period does what it is set out to do. It conveys the message in so many different ways so that it can be interpreted as the viewer feeling the pain of a past event. I think the artist is successful in what he set out in achieving, because now over 70 years later were still talking about this painting. 21. Do you like the artwork of your research topic? Explain. Yes, I like the art work of my research topic, because it opens a window into something I cant normally see. One should forget that a painting is a painting that is to say, another realityPaul DelvauxBibliographyBooksSurrealist Painting 1975Simon WilsonMagazinesTimeApril 21, 1997 VOL, 149 NO.6The Art/Arts(A Singular Path)- Julie K.L. DAM InternetPaul Delvaux(Retrospective Delvaux Paul 1997 in Brussels, Belgium)http/www.geocities.com/retro/bel/happy/9897576/Paul Delvaux(PMMK Jubilee- Delvaux(Antheit 1897- Veurne1994)Info)http/www.PMMK.com/hiyt/0009/delvaux/expo/OtherEXPO Delvaux 1897-1994Royalmuseums of fine arts belgium address 9, Ruedu musee, 1000 Brusselsfax 32.2.508.32.32http/www.expo-delvauh.com/hist/76/09~hgy

Psychology Essays (607 words) - Behavior, Abuse, Human Behavior

Psychology The impact of bullying and cyberbullying on cognitive and mental health of the victim and perpetrator. Bullying is the use of force, threat, intimidate or aggressively dominate others. The behavior of a bully is often repetitive and habitual. There are different types of bullying verbal physical and with the new technology a different form of bullying immersed called cyber bullying. Cyberbullying is becoming very popular amongst the adolescents due to all the new technology. Bullies often like to target one's social class, race, ethnicity , sexuality, physical appearance and gender. Bullying has a very strong impact on both the victim and the bully. Bullying can be defined in many different ways. The united kingdom and other european countries have no legal definition of bullying while the united state has very severe laws on bullying. Bullying is divided into 4 basic types of abuse; emotional, verbal, physical and cyber. It typically involves subtle methods such as intimidation. Bullying ranges from one on one, individual bullying through to group bullying, in which the bully ma have one or more bullies assisting.bullying in school and the workplace can be referred to as peer abuse. Robert W. Fuller has analyzed bullying in the context of rankism. Studies show that envy and resentment may be motives for bullying. Some also bully as a tool to conceal shame or anxiety or boost self esteem. Psychologist Roy Baumeister said people who are prone to abusive tend to have inflated but fragile egos. Because they think to highly of themselves, are frequently offended by criticism and lack of defence of other people and react to this disrespect with violence and insult. Research also shows a lot of risk factor like depression and personality disorders, addiction to aggressive behaviors, and engaging in obsessive action. A study shows a combination of antisocial traits and depression was found to be the best predictor of youth violence. Research also found that bullying may be a result of genetic predisposition, brain abnormalities. During early adolescence parents teach emotional regulation and control aggressive behaviors, some children fail to develop these skills. Children may fail to develop these skills because of insecure attachment with their families, ineffective discipline, and some environmental factors such as a stressful home and hostile siblings. Research also shows that adults who bully will have authoritarian personalities, and have strong urges to be in control and dominate. Victims of bullying may suffer from future health risks. Dr Cook said that " a typical victim is unlikely to be aggressive, lack socials skills, think negative thought, experience difficulties in solving social problem, come from a negative family and be noticeably rejected and isolated by peers." Victims of bullying can suffer from long term emotional and behavioral problems. Victims often develop depression, loneliness, anxiety low self esteem and increased susceptibility to illness and may develop suicidal behavior. While some people find it very easy to ignore bullies others may find it difficult to and reach their breaking point. Depression is one of the main reasons why kids who are bullied commit suicide. According to Suicide Awareness Voices for Education, 16%of students ages 15-24 years old consider suicide , 13% percent create a plan and 8% have made an attempt. New perspectives on bullying by kenrigby Garbarino,j de lara, E.. The free press:New York Joanne Scaglione, Arrica Rose Scaglione By terrence Webster-Doyal. Book and teaching curriculum , by Paul Graham. This essay is an example of how even medium diffrences in hierarchal, Zero-sum, or negative environments, can lead to ostracsm or persecution.

Boots and Booty

Boots and Booty Boots and Booty Boots and Booty By Maeve Maddox The noun boot, meaning â€Å"a covering for the foot and lower part of the leg,† has been in the language since the early 14th century. The word existed in medieval Latin and entered English via French. The popularity of boots as footwear has never diminished, but our use of the word boot and similar forms doesn’t always pertain to the article of apparel. First let’s look at terms and expressions that do relate to footwear. bootleg: As a noun, bootleg is recorded in the 17th century with the meaning â€Å"the leg of a boot.† Nineteenth century American frontiersmen favored bootlegs as convenient places to carry knives and shooting irons. The term acquired its present associations with the illicit trading of liquor even before Prohibition became the law of the land in 1920; a handful of states outlawed alcoholic beverages earlier. For example, Kansas banned alcohol in 1881. A bootleg could conceal a small bottle of liquor. In current usage, bootleg denotes anything that is traded or trafficked illicitly: bootleg CDs, bootleg diamonds, bootleg babies, etc. As a verb, bootleg means â€Å"to traffic illicitly in liquor or anything else.† The verb bootleg is also an American football term meaning â€Å"to carry the ball deceptively.† bootstrap: as a noun, a bootstrap is a loop attached to the top of a boot to help the wearer pull on the boot. I’ve written about the figurative meanings of bootstrap here. boot camp: This is a term for U.S. Marine and Navy recruit training. The term boot as slang for recruit may date from the Spanish-American War. U.S. sailors wore leggings called boots and the term transferred to the sailors themselves. By extension, boot camp is now also used for any training camp or program that resembles boot camp by requiring rigorous training. The term can also refer specifically to a facility or program for juvenile offenders who are forced to follow a rigidly structured routine of drill and discipline. bootlicker: A cringing, favor-seeking toady is called a bootlicker: a person who would do any demeaning thing to please and flatter a person in power. You can find more terms for subservient people here. jackboot: a type of large, strong cavalry boot popular in the 17th and 18th centuries was called a jackboot; later it was worn by German military and paramilitary units during the Nazi regime. Even before its association with the Nazis, the term had acquired the connotation of military oppression. boot: As a verb, â€Å"to boot† can mean â€Å"to kick,† as in â€Å"They booted out the old superintendent and hired a new one.† As a verb in the context of computer use, boot derives from bootstrap. to boot: We still use the expression â€Å"to boot† with the meaning â€Å"in addition† or â€Å"as a bonus†: The guy’s a chronic complainer and a tightwad to boot. The most patient and behaved dog in the world (and she’s Irish to boot). We offer inexpensive prices for our AC and heating units and we will throw in a free thermostat to boot! The expression â€Å"to boot† comes from an obsolete noun boot, meaning â€Å"good, profit, advantage.† The related verb boot meant â€Å"to make better, to remedy.† You may have encountered the verb boot in Shakespeare: It shall scarce boot me To say â€Å"Not guilty.† Hermione, A Winter’s Tale, III.ii.24. booty: As a noun meaning â€Å"plunder, gain, profit,† booty comes from an Old French word, butin. As a noun meaning â€Å"a woman’s body (or a part thereof) as a sex object,† booty originated as 1920s black slang, possibly an alteration of another slang word, botty, meaning bottom or buttocks. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Whimsical WordsThe Difference Between "will" and "shall"Prepositions to Die With

FINANCIAL MARKETS AND MONETARY POLICY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

FINANCIAL MARKETS AND MONETARY POLICY - Essay Example Structure of Interest Rates The connection that occurs amid interest rates or the bond yields and dissimilar terms or developments. The word structure of interest rates can also be known as the yield curve and it shows a vital part in the economy. The word structure reflects expectations of marketplace participants’ almost future variations in interest rates and their valuation of financial policy environments (Greenwood 2010). Yield curves in the UK from 01.01.2008  to  31.12.2012 As far as Macro Economic Analysis Partition is concerned, the Bank of England estimates the yield curvatures for United Kingdom being on a day-to-day basis and are two types: the first one, customary, is located on yields on UK administration bonds (gilts) and comprises of nominal and real vintage curves and the increase period structure. The second one is founded on (LIBOR) i.e. Interbank rates that are sterling; earns on mechanisms connected to LIBOR, undersized sterling prospects, forward rat e bargains and LIBOR-based interest ratio exchanges. These profitable bank liability curves are minimal lone (Addison 1998). The government obligation nominal yield curves are also derived from the UK gilt prices and it offers an overall Security (GC) repo rates. The actual yield is copied from or they are derived from the UK index-linked bond values. However, by appealing to the Fisher relationship , the oblique inflation terms structure is therefore put in numbers and calculated as the change of rapid nominal frontward rates and rapid real onward real rates (section 2 makes clear exactly what these terms mean). The instruments used in the construction of the commercial bank’s liability curvature are first converted into synthetic bonds, and a similar technique is then used to crop the lucrative bank accountability curve as is used in the nominal inquiry (Gurkaynak 2012). Now, we are by means of the repo rate using asan flawed proxy for the riskless rate. In the approach to the end of the year, or the yearly the spread therefore widens. This result is known called the ‘year-end turn’ and can be detected in a number of ways in other markets. Without the three months at the end of the previous two years, the middling spread between the two rates has however, been about 35 basis points. Previously we noted that G Crapo (at least at two-weeks’ development) inclines to be biased on the downwards compared to the Bank’s repo rate. So about 15 base facts of this banquet are likely to be related to the liquidity and contract differences deliberated: Bonds of Zero-coupon, in order to do the price computation, together with the yield so as to extract the existing price of any fixed coupon instrument. In order to calculate the price’s yield, discount rates etc. Municipal, the treasury bills, existing bonds are utilized. To calculate price and extent callable bonds, agency options can be adjusted. Permanent and floating rates, the range, all are utilized in the computation of accumulated interest rates and the range. The shape of the yield was quite consistent with the main theories of the term structure, because

Explain the process of market segmentation. Why is it thought Essay - 1

Explain the process of market segmentation. Why is it thought necessary for a firm to target specific segments of the market - Essay Example In this era, there is no such thing as a standardized product which is suitable for use by all people. Hence, no firm seeks to target the whole market at large and it is highly difficult to target a large potential market with the same product and the same marketing strategies. No products except maybe staple foods such as fruits, vegetables, bread, butter, and other important dietary supplements are aimed at targeting the whole population of consumers and are standardized products. All other products or services are differentiated and conformed to the needs and wants of various target groups (Greenberg and McDonald, 1989, pp. 95-96). Differentiation refers to adapting the characteristics and marketing of your product/service to fulfill the needs and wants of a particular target market. In order to select the target market for product/ service, a firm must indulge in the process of market segmentation (Greenberg and Mcdonald, 1989, pp. 110-112). Market segmentation is the process of dividing the larger potential market into smaller groups according to similar characteristics. The segmentation can be upon the basis of several variables depending upon the product/service the business is offering and how it plans to target its potential audience. Several advantages of market segmentation enable a business to perform more efficiently and make the business’s selling/ marketing strategies more effective. The first advantage of market segmentation is that segmenting the potential market allows the business to be more focused upon a certain group of customers. This prevents duplication of resources and enables the business to directly target the segment that is more likely to be interested in their product/service offering rather than wasting time and resources upon targeting a massive market that may not be interested in the product/service at all (Yankelovich, 1964, pg. 75-77). Market segmentation allows the business to see the

Coporate Governance & Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Coporate Governance & Globalisation - Essay Example The troubles in the entire conglomerate culminated in the sale of this subsidiary. This report analyzes problems leading to the collapse and recommends relevant corporate governance measures, which would have prevented such managerial malpractices. Introduction Daewoo is a South Korean company founded in the late 1960s. It represented pioneering entities in the automobile sector in not only South Korea but also Asia. Kim Woo Choong played a vital role throughout the early years of the corporation. The entity benefited massively from the government’s goodwill. The government enacted policies, which ensured that the entity did not face major competition. Additionally, it offered credit to the entity at friendly rates. This reduced the overall cost the entity incurred. The reduction of cost gave the entity a massive competitive edge over rivals. This shows the impact of government’s goodwill on the entity’s fortunes. The success of the entity did not last long since it encountered major managerial problems. This write-up will analyze problems which this entity encountered culminating in its sale. Furthermore, it will propose corporate governance measures that would have impeded the chaos that emanated and led to its collapse. Daewoo’s history and managerial problems Daewoo is a conglomerate with numerous subsidiaries, which included Daewoo Motors, Daewoo Bus Company, Daewoo Electronics, Daewoo Heavy Industries and Daewoo Securities. This was a huge corporation with several subsidiaries and joint ventures. The sheer size and complexity of this entity made its management challenging. Managers in such an entity encounter countless constrains. The multinational had diversified its operations into several industries. Diversification enabled the entity to sustain its financial stability (Lopez 2000). The collapse of this entity resulted from some diverse factors. The government’s policies were key to the collapse of the entity. The gov ernment enacted protectionist policies. Such policies ensured that the entity got cheap raw materials. This reduced the entity cost allowing the entity to make phenomenal profits. Additionally, the entity got cheap financing from the government. Similarly, this reduced its costs availing more funds for further investment. The government also focused on policies, which favoured one entity. Therefore, the government failed to support emergence of other smaller entities. Therefore, such policies shielded Daewoo from competition, costly raw materials and high cost of credit. This provided a perfect market for the entity to succeed. The government seemed not to have a clear policy to ensure fair trade in its economy either. These policies were friendly to the entity since the entity gave political support in exchange for such skewed governmental strategies, which favoured the entity (Lopez 2000). The expansion of the entity entailed several five-year plans. These plans would outline what the entity should accomplish within the period. Daewoo Motors commenced operations in the early 1980s. Daewoo Group acquired an entity that was failing in the automobile sector owing to competition from Hyundai. Using its massive resources, Daewoo Group turned around the fortunes of this entity and renamed it Daewoo Motors. This acquisition added another subsidiary to the already expanding corporation. The Daewoo conglomerate seemed to be undertaking an expansion strategy. However, such a strategy

A Problem Question on Contract Law

A Problem Question on Contract Law Introduction A contract refers to an agreement between two or more parties which is legally binding in the eyes of the law. Based on Contract Act 1950, section 2 (h), an agreement that is enforceable by law is a contract. Any other agreements that is not enforceable by law is said to be void, section 2 (g). Therefore, section 2 (j) a contract which is ceases to be enforceable by the law becomes void when it ceases to be enforceable. A contract consists of 6 elements which is proposal (section 2) and acceptance (section 7). The agreement made must be certain and lawful to fulfill the requirement of entering a contract. The consideration (section 26) of a contract have to be in price theory or the benefit and detriment theory. Next, certainty (section 30) said that the terms and agreements of a contract need to be certain and clear. Besides that, all party in the contract have to be free consent, section 10. Lastly, section 11 capacity said that minors, person that disqualified from contracting by any law and unsound mind are not competent to enter a contract. Ah Beng Ah Beng wished to sell his 3-year old motorcycle. He have the intention to create legal relations, commercial contract. In a business contract the presumption is that there is an intention to create legal relations. Unlike domestic contract where agreement made between parties are stated as no intention to create such a legal relations. For example, agreement between spouses, between parent and child and agreements between friends. Case law Balfour v. Balfour. The husband promised to pay a monthly allowance as maintenance to his wife. The court held that it was not a legally enforceable agreement, the parties should be attended by legal consequences. According to section 2 (a), when one signifies to another his willingness to do said to make a proposal, Ah Beng is the offeror before he advertised the sale in a local newspaper. After the advertisement,he becomes an acceptor. Advertisement consist of two types of offer, Bilateral and Unilateral offer. Unilateral offer is a party (X) undertakes to do something is another party (Y) decides to accept by performing some lawful act specified by X. For instance, Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. Carbolic Smoke Ball company made an offer to the pubic by issuing an advertisement saying that whoever still suffered from influenza after taking their product (a drug) will get  £ 100 in a specified manner and for a specified period of time. Mrs Carlill sued the company for the promise reward. The court held that the advertisement is an offer to the world. Referring to the Bilateral case law Majumder v. Attorney General of Sarawak 1967, a newspaper advertisement stated a medical officer war required and set out the salary scale. The Federal Court held that the advertisement in the newspaper for the post of a medical officer was an invitation to treat. Therefore the advertisement by Ah Beng is a Bilateral Contracts, where both parties make promises to one another, a mutual exchange of promise and this leads to invitation to treat. For example, a job advertisement is not an offer but an Invitation to Treat. The applicant is the offeror for the job and if it is accepted, the promisor is obligated to perform by giving the applicant a position and remuneration in accordance with the advertisement, a promise for a promise. Ah Beng and Ahmad Ah Beng called his colleague Ahmad who had previously told him that he is looking for a used motorcycle for his son for RM 2,500.00 in cash. As they discussed, Ahmad asked Ah Beng to hold the offer till end of the month and Ah Beng did not give an affirmative answer. Based on section 2 (a) , when one signifies to another his willingness to do said to make a proposal. Therefore Ah Beng is the offeror and Ahmad is the acceptor. However, the contract is not valid. There are components under Contracts Act 1950 to determine whether a contract is valid or invalid. When Ah Beng offered Ahmad at the first place, Ahmad request for extension, â€Å"until the end of the month†, setting a new request to Ah Beng. According to section 7 (a), conditional acceptance is no acceptance. Case law Branca v. Cobarro. Ahmad’s act has caused the contract to be invalid. Moreover, at the end of the conversation Ah Beng did not give an affirmative answer to Ahmad , section 7 (a) Acceptance must be absolute as referring to case law of Kam Mah Theatre Sdn. Bhd. v. Tan Lay Soon 1994. The acceptance given by Ahmad must be absolute and unqualified in order to make the contract between him and Ah Beng valid. After two days, Ahmad rang up Ah Beng’s house to inform that he is interested to buy the motorcycle and will go over the next day to make the payment of RM 2,500.00 after seeing Ah Beng has advertised to sell the motorcycle for RM 2,800.00 on the local newspaper. Unfortunately Ah Beng was not in and Ah Beng’s wife is the person who was answering the call. Based on section 4 (1) , a communication is complete when it comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made. Refers to case law, R v. Clarke. Clarke was an accomplice to the murder of two policeman, the Australian published a notice granting pardon and a reward of A$ 1,000. Clark supplied the information but he admitted that at the time he gave the information he had forgotten about the reward money. The court held that he was not entitled to the reward as he was not aware of the reward at all. The contract is therefore invalid as Ahmad did not deliver his messages and offers to Ah Beng’s knowledge and not conforming to Section 4(2)(b). However, the contract can still be valid if Ah Beng give authorization to his wife to accept the offer on behalf of Ah Beng. This is illustrated in the case law Powell n Lee, the court held that there was no authorized communication made by the acceptor. Ah Beng and Maniam Maniam read the advertisement and went over Ah Beng’s house to look for the motorcycle. Maniam’s act is to inquire more information about the motorcycle. The conversation between Maniam and Ah Beng signifies that the advertisement made by Ah Beng regarding the motorcycle is uncertain as there are informations about the motorcycle that Ah Beng did not mention clearly in the advertisement such as the model of the motorcycle, colour of the motorcycle, accident free and current condition of the motorcycle have not been told from the advertisement. This have caused uncertainty for the consideration of an agreement, therefore invalid contract based on section 30. This scenario can be referred to the case law, Karuppan Chetty v. Suah Thian 1916, â€Å"lease at $35.00 per month as long as he like† is unacceptable by the court therefore declared void for uncertainty. Maniam noticed that the battery was weak and both of the tyres were worn off during the inspection of the motorcycle. Ah Beng immediately offered the price to RM 2,700.00 and has become the new offeror, on the other hand Maniam become the new acceptor. As the negotiation going on, case law Lau Brothers Co v. China Pacific Navigation Co. Ltd 1965, no agreement will be formed under negotiation. However Maniam agreed to bring the cash on the next day expecting Ah Beng to replace the two tyres with the new ones. It is a new condition set by Maniam, leading to a counter offer. Based on section 7 (a), the acceptance made must be absolute and unqualified. Therefore the contract is not valid as Maniam’s counter offer is a rejection of the initial contract, contracts subject to contract. The contract would only be valid if it is free consent from both parties. Refers to case law Hyde v. Wrench 1840, the defendant offered to sell his estate to the plaintiff on 6th of Jun for  £1,000. On 8th of June the plaintiff made a counter proposal, 27th of June the defendant refused to accept his offer. Two days later the plaintiff wrote to the defendant that he was prepare to pay  £1,000, the defendant refused. The court held that there was no acceptance as by rejecting the original offer the plaintiff had destroyed the offer. In effect the plaintiff is now making a new offer. By asking Ah Beng to replace the worn off tyres with new ones, Maniam has become the offeror again whereas Ah Beng as the acceptor of this new agreement. At the end of the day, Ah Beng did not give response to Maniam’s further request. Based on section 7 (b), Mental acceptance is no acceptance, silence will not amount to acceptance. Refers to case law Felthouse v. Bindley, plaintif’s uncle offered to buy a horse from plaintiff for  £30 adding â€Å"If i hear no more about him, i consider the horse mine at the price†. The court held that the plaintiff’s silence did not amount to acceptance of the offer. In this case, Ah Beng’s reaction towards Maniam is not an acceptance to the contract, therefore the agreements between Ah Beng and Maniam is invalid. Ah Beng and Jack A classmate of Ah Beng’s 16 year old son, also came to know about the advertisement. Jack immediately went over to Ah Beng’s house and gave five hundred ringgit in cash to Ah Beng’s son with a promise that he will pay the balance the next day after he gets it from his parents. Section 10 (1) states that if the agreements are made by free consent of parties for a lawful consideration are not hereby expressly declared to be void. Jack is willing to enter the contract by offering his money Ah Beng without being forced. Based on section 11 Capacity as per Age of Majority Act 1971, said that the age of majority to enter a contract is at the age of 18 and above. Case law Tan Hee Juan v. Teh Boon Keat, a minor entered into a contract of transferring land. The court held that the contract was void. Jack is a minor, 16 years old and incapable of entering a contract. Moreover, section 69 said that the necessaries suited to his condition in life is not valid. Case law Nash Vs. Inman (1908) a minor, who was already having sufficient supply of clothing suitable to his position, was supplied further clothing by a tailor. Unlike case law Scarborough v. Sturzaker 1905 where the minor needs a motorcycle to travel to work for 12 miles (19 km ) distance everyday. In this case, a motorcycle is necessaries suited to the condition in life. However, there are few exception for necessity which is valid contract. Such as marriage contract, case law Rajeswary v. Balakrishnan 1958. Case law Government of Malaysia v. Gurcharan Singh 1971 stated that scholarship contract is valid for a minor as education is a necessity nowadays. Insurance is also a valid contract for a minor. Based on Insurance Act 1963, a minor can enter an insurance contract if he is above ten years old. According to section 66, obligation of person who has received advantage under void agreement or contract that becomes void. When a contract becomes void, any person who has received any advantage under the agreement is bound to restore it, or make compensation for it to the person from whom he received it. Therefore, Ah Beng is obligated to restore balance, return the five hundred ringgit to Jack. Referring to case law, Thong Foo Ching Ors v. Shigenori Ono 1998. Conclusion In conclusion, non of the person above have a valid contract with Ah Beng. First, the communication is yet to be complete between Ah Beng and Ahmad as Ahmad called and Ah Beng’s wife is the person who answered the call (section 4 (1) Communication). Next, being silence did not amount to acceptance of the offer (section 7 (a). Therefore invalid contract with Maniam as Ah Beng remain silence. Next, the capacity of both parties must be competent to enter a contract in order to make it legal, section 11 Competent to contract. In this case the contract between Ah Beng and Jack is invalid due to the age of Jack, minor (16 years old) .

Priestleys portrayal of Inspector Goole in An Inspector Calls Essay

Consider the ways in which Priestley's portrayal of Inspector Goole and the way in which he carries out his investigation of the Birling family and Gerald Croft create dramatic interest? 'An inspector calls' was written in 1945 by J.B Priestley. The play is set in 1912 and centres on Arthur Birling, a prosperous manufacturer and his family, who are celebrating the engagement of their daughter, when they are suddenly and dramatically interrupted by the arrival of the police inspector. The inspector, investigating the suicide of a young working-class woman, uncovers each of the family's shameful secrets that link them with the young girl and her death. Priestley was a strong believer in socialism, opposing capitalism which exploits and degrades the working classes to benefit the rich. Priestley believed that whether we acknowledged it or not, we are all part of one big community and have the responsibility to look after everyone else, no matter who they are or what their status is. In 'An inspector calls' Priestley tries to highlight these beliefs and educate the audience on how they should treat one another. This message was particularly effective to the audiences of 1946 as, weary from the Second World War they were looking for change. The Inspector's quote of 'Fire, blood and anguish' refers to the 1st and 2nd World Wars, would have had great emotional impact on the audience and caused them to think more deeply into the play and Priestley's message. During the Second World War social classes were forced to mix, children were evacuated to where was safest and not according to class, all young men were forced to mix in the Trenches and on the Front Line, the women left at home were forced to all work in the factories together, al... ...ugh they are his social superiors. He is or need not be a small man but however creates an impression of massiveness and of purposefulness; this comes across in the whole atmosphere he creates. He uses many tactics such as the photograph and graphically detailed descriptions to shock both the audiences and the characters. By shocking the audience he can best get across his moral warning and by shocking the other characters he can best get them to open up to him and admit their wrongs. The Inspectors overall approach to the investigation is totally irregular, which creates dramatic interest and in some points emotional conflicts which create tension and keep the audiences attention. But even after he has left, he is still creating interest and tension as the characters try to decide whether or not he was a real inspector and in fact whether or not he was actually real.